Bee Types Assortment
Out-of 2009 in order to 2018, 192 bee species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) were caught during the Calanques Federal Park thru both web and you can pan trap choices. It belonged so you can six family and 38 genera. Megachilidae was many kinds-rich members of the family, with Apidae and Halictidae, having 53, forty two, and you will 43 species, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 are the newest richest genus, that have 33 kinds, while 7 genera was depicted because of the one variety (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Desk step one [on the web only] ). Making use of the jackknife 1 and you will dos spiders, the total bee species richness was projected to-be ranging from ± nine.89 and you may ± . The fresh noticed fullness ergo portrayed 71.step three in order to 79.6% of one’s estimated bee richness ( Table 2). New Chao1 strategy projected new seen fullness getting 76.8% of potential limit fullness ( Dining table dos). The most abundant variety is Apis mellifera L. (276 anybody), followed closely by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you may 168 some body, respectively), and you may Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 some body). Ultimately, fifty types (26%) were illustrated because of the just one individual (singletons).
Environmental Traits out-of Bees
Concerning your environment characteristics from nesting tastes, i recognized 59 unmarried bee types nesting over crushed, ninety five solitary bee varieties nesting underground and you may 23 cleptoparasitic species, corresponding to 29.7, 47.nine, and you can twelve.0% of your full bee species richness, correspondingly. We understood four personal kinds (bumble bees and you can honey bees-dos.1%). In the long run, new nesting preferences out of fourteen species remain unfamiliar (eight.3%- Supp Dining table 1 [on the internet only] ). Regarding your flowery diet away from bee kinds, we found that 105 kinds (54.7%) foraged into a wide range of bush types (we.age., generalist variety, polylectic) and 51 types (26.5%) foraged on a single plant family members or that/couple plant kinds (we.elizabeth., specialist species, oligolectic). Towards kept thirty six bee types (18.8%), the new flowery diet plan wasn’t known (e.g., to own cleptoparasitic species). Yet not, extremely generalist types presented a preference for just one or several bush family members ( Supp Dining table 1 [online only] ). For the 49 singletons, fourteen bee species (28%) have been pros, and you may nine bee kinds (18%) were cleptoparasitic ( Supp Desk 1 [online merely] ).
A keen IUCN condition is actually readily available for 178 types (excluding the fresh types buildings and not known species). One particular, 47 variety was classified since the analysis lacking (DD-twenty six.4%), 124 varieties was indeed least concerned (LC-69.6%), six variety have been near endangered (NT-step 3.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you will L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and something varieties was felt endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Table step one [on the web only] ). Around three oligolectic types was indeed among eight threatened bee species. An effective. ovatula and you will C. albomaculatus is actually specialist toward Fabaceae, D. argentata was a professional on the Caprifoliaceae.
Away from 2009 to 2018, 38 species of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) had been caught into the Calanques Federal Playground. It belonged in order to twenty-four genera ( Supp Dining table 2 [on line simply] ). The most numerous genera were Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 somebody), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 individuals), and Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville during the Latreille, 1828 (13 some body), while 20 kinds (53%) have been portrayed by just one personal ( Supp Dining table 2 [on the web just] ). The fresh bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was indeed depicted by the 20 variety, plus five singletons (25%) ( Supp Dining table step three [on https://datingranking.net/meddle-review/ the web just] ). This new estimate out-of full kinds fullness of hover flies and you will bee flies is between 83 and 97 types using the jackknife 1 and you can dos spiders, respectively. For that reason, the new noticed richness illustrated 59.8–69.9% of your own projected hover fly and you will bee travel richness ( Dining table 2).